WHAT IS CPSIA TESTING?

CPSIA testing ensures children’s toys comply with the US Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA) of 2008. The act specifically targets children’s products, which the Act defines as any product designed or intended primarily for use by children aged 12 or younger. Manufacturers must prove that products sold in the US comply with the law, and so CPSIA testing is and essential step in going to market.

WHY IS CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY IMPROVEMENT ACT TESTING IMPORTANT?

US manufacturers and importers are required to test children’s products to ensure they do not contain hazardous substances, including lead and phthalates, and that they also comply with toy safety requirements. CPSIA testing will:

• Give you access to the US children’s toy market
• Avoid the risk of reputational damage should a product be found to contain harmful substances
• Minimise the risk of fines which can reach $100,000 per individual violation (up to a maximum of $15 million), as well as the possibility of asset forfeiture and imprisonment of up to five years
• Provide a Certificate of Conformity which proves the product is safe

CPSIA REGULATIONS FOR CHILDREN’S JEWELRY

The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act, or CPSIA, is a landmark consumer safety law in the United States which grants additional authority to the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) in ensuring that products sold on the US market are safe for their intended use.

Among many other regulations, the CPSC recognizes ASTM F2923 ‘Standard Specification for Consumer Product Safety for Children’s Jewelry’ as an industry best practice.

By setting out specifications for children’s jewelry, ASTM F2923 aims to ensure that such jewelry will not harm the child wearing it. As ASTM F2923 is an extensive document, this guide will cover a summary of its specifications. You can find the full specifications on the ASTM website here, or contact an expert for more detailed information.

WHAT IS CHILDREN’S JEWELRY?

ASTM F2923 defines “children’s jewelry” as an item of jewelry that is intended to be worn primarily by a child of 12 years or younger. Furthermore, in order to distinguish jewelry from toys or other items, only the following are considered as jewelry:

• Bracelet, brooch, chain, crown or tiara, cufflink, hair accessories, earrings or ear cuffs, necklace, pins, ring, body piercing jewelry, jewelry placed in the mouth for display or ornament, anklet.
• Any charm, bead, chain, link, pendant or other attachment to shoes or clothing designed to be removed and worn, alone or attached to an item in as jewelry.
• Jewelry that contains a timepiece. This does not apply to a wristwatch or other timepieces whose principal function is not decorative.
• Beads or other jewelry components in self-assembly craft kits where the final assembled jewelry product is principally designed and intended as children’s jewelry.
• If the jewelry you intend to import to the US falls within the definition of children’s jewelry, it needs to adhere to the specifications of ASTM F2923.
• The specifications of ASTM F2923 addresses two main types of hazards: toxicity and mechanical.

TOXICITY SPECIFICATIONS

The toxicity specifications in ASTM F2923 are mainly focused on the presence of harmful metals. The specifications are different depending on the specific metal, its location in the jewelry, and how the jewelry is intended to be worn. The following metals are included in the specifications:

• Lead – Lead content cannot exceed 100 ppm (100 parts per million) in substrate and cannot exceed 90ppm in coating and paint
• Cadmium – Cadmium content cannot exceed 75 ppm in any component. However, additional requirements apply if the component can be swallowed by a child, in which case, restrictions apply to the amount of cadmium that can be released from the jewelry into the body
• Nickel – Any jewelry that is intended to be pierced through the skin (e.g. earring posts), or worn against the skin for a prolonged period must pass maximum metal release specifications
• Antimony, arsenic, barium, chromium, mercury, selenium – Any paints or coating of children’s jewelry must be tested for the presence of these soluble toxic metals
• Phthalates – Plasticized accessible components of children’s jewelry may not contain more than 0.1 percent (1000 ppm) of the following phthalates: di-(2-ethyhexyl) phthalates (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), diisononyl phthalates (DINP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), di-n-pentyl phthalates (DPENP), di-n-hexyl phthalates (DHEXP), dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP).

MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS

In addition to toxicity specifications, ASTM F2923 also contains specifications regarding the physical characteristics of jewelry that can pose a risk of injury to children.

• Jewelry worn around the neck – In order to prevent strangulation, any jewelry intended to be worn around the neck, such as necklaces, must break under tension with a force of 15 pounds or more.
• Jewelry containing magnets – Magnets present a hazard to children: when inhaled or swallowed, they may pinch internal organs, causing serious damage. No jewelry may contain loose magnets in “as received” condition. Additionally, no magnet should break free from the jewelry after use and abuse testing.
• Jewelry containing batteries – If the batteries used in the jewelry can become swallowed, such batteries must be securely retained in the jewelry in a way that makes them impossible to remove without a tool.
• Sharp or dangerous edges – Jewelry intended for children 8 years or younger must not have any edges or points that could cause injury.

TEST FACILITY- AVAILABLE WITH FGT CPS

• FOR FAST SERVICES ADDITIONAL CHARGES WILL BE APPLICABLE:
• 24 HR SERVICE-2 x normal charges
• 48 HR SERVICE-1.5 x normal charges

CHILDREN’S JEWELRY HEAVY METAL TEST:

Sr. N	TEST PARAMETERS	TEST STANDARD	SAMPLE REQUIRE	TAT/NORMAL SERVICE
1	Antimony (Sb) Paints & Coatings: Extractable: 60 ppm	ASTM F963-17 as referenced in ASTM F2923:2020	10 gm	4-5 DAYS
2	Arsenic (As) Paints & Coatings: Extractable:	ASTM F963-17 as referenced in ASTM F2923:2020	10 gm	4-5 DAYS
3	Barium (Ba) Paints & Coatings: Extractable	ASTM F963-17 as referenced in ASTM F2923:2020	10 gm	4-5 DAYS
4	Cadmium (Cd) Substrates, Paints & Coatings: Total: Adults: 75 ppm Children: 40 ppm	ASTM F963-17 as referenced in ASTM F2923:2020	10 gm	4-5 DAYS
5	Chromium (Cr) Paints & Coatings: Extractable: 60 ppm	ASTM F963-17 as referenced in ASTM F2923:2020	10 gm	4-5 DAYS
6	Lead (Pb) Substrates, Paints & Coatings: Total: 90 ppm	ASTM F963-17 as referenced in ASTM F2923:2020	10 gm	4-5 DAYS
7	Mercury (Hg) Paints & Coatings: Extractable: 60 ppm	ASTM F963-17 as referenced in ASTM F2923:2020	10 gm	4-5 DAYS
8	Nickel (Ni) Release (metal parts): Prolonged skin contact: 0.5 μg/cm²/week Pierced part: 0.2 μg/cm²/week	EN 12472:2020 and EN 1811:2023	10 gm	9 DAYS
9	Selenium (Se) Paints & Coatings: Extractable: 500 ppm	ASTM F963-17 as referenced in ASTM F2923:2020	10 gm	4-5 DAYS
10	PHTHALATES	CPSC CH 1001.09.4	10 gm	4-5 DAYS
11	SHARP POINT	16 CFR 1500.48	FULL SAMPLE	2-3 DAYS
12	SHARP EDGE	16 CFR 1500.49	FULL SAMPLE	2-3 DAYS
13	SMALL PARTS	16 CFR 1501	FULL SAMPLE	2-3 DAYS
14	TENSION TEST	16 CFR 1500.51	FULL SAMPLE	2-3 DAYS